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ELRCPartially AllowedCause No 270 of 2016· [2018] KEELRC 1836 (KLR)

Robert Githua Githaka v SAAB Kenya Limited [2018] KEELRC 1836 (KLR)

Employment and Labour Relations Court
4 June 2018
2,568 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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A Kenyan employer retired a driver early without notice; the court awarded him six months' salary because the employer's own documents implied retirement at 60, not 55.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Claimant, a driver employed by the Respondent since 1st April 2010 on an indefinite contract, was served with an immediate retirement notice on 16th September 2016 while preparing for a field deployment. He sued claiming the retirement was premature, unlawful and unfair, asserting a legitimate expectation of retirement at 60 years, and sought declarations, indemnity of Kshs. 2,073,528/-, damages for unlawful termination, 12 months' notice pay, unpaid wages, gratuity, field allowance, costs and interest. The Respondent defended the retirement on the basis of a July 2016 retirement policy setting the retirement age at 55, by which time the Claimant was already 57, and relied on the payment of dues of Kshs. 387,325/-. The issues were whether retirement at 60 was agreed or implied, whether the Respondent was estopped, whether the retirement was unfair, and entitlement to relief. The court found that although the contract was silent, the Respondent's Britam pension scheme indicated a retirement age of 60 and in 2015 it had guaranteed the Claimant's loan over six years, showing contemplation of service beyond 57. The sudden, same-day retirement contravened the Respondent's own policy requiring one year's notice and was unfair. However, following John Benson Githinji v Attorney General, the Claimant was not entitled to salary he would have earned to age 60. Six months' salary (Kshs. 355,626/-) was awarded as compensation under Section 49 of the Employment Act, with costs; all other prayers were dismissed. Judgment dated and delivered at Nyeri on 4th June 2018.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether the retirement age was impliedly 60 years despite the contract being silent and the retirement policy fixing 55

Holding

The court inferred a retirement age of 60 from the Respondent's own conduct: the Britam pension scheme indicated 60 and the Respondent guaranteed a loan over 6 years in 2015

Reasoning

Although the contract did not fix a retirement age and the Respondent's 2016 policy set 55, the Respondent could not explain why the Claimant still worked at 57, past that age. The pension scheme document stated a retirement age of 60, and the Respondent had in 2015 guaranteed the Claimant's loan repayments for six years, indicating contemplation of service beyond 57. These outward manifestations supported the Claimant's expectation of retirement at 60.

p. 2
02

Whether the retirement process was fair

Holding

The retirement was unfair: the Respondent's policy required one year's notice, yet retirement was effected suddenly and abruptly on the same day

Reasoning

The Respondent's own policy required a notice of one year to prepare staff going on retirement. Instead, the Claimant, while preparing for a field deployment, was summoned and handed the retirement letter effective immediately. The court held that although the employer had managerial prerogative, the manner of its exercise converted a seamless exercise into a farce, warranting compensation under Section 49 of the Employment Act.

p. 3
03

Quantum of compensation

Holding

Six months' salary awarded as compensation for the unfair retirement; claims for future salary to age 60 refused

Reasoning

Applying the reasoning of Rika J in John Benson Githinji v Attorney General, the court declined to award the salary the Claimant would have earned to age 60, holding that employment relationships are not commercial contracts and the law presumes an employee is paid for actual work rendered. In view of the unfairness of the process, compensation of six months' salary was awarded, plus costs.

p. 3

Legal principles established

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  • A premature termination, even if unfair, does not entitle a claimant to salary he expected to earn up to mandatory retirement age
  • A claimant is entitled to compensation for unlawful termination/retirement under Section 49 of the Employment Act
  • Where an employer's own documents (pension scheme, loan guarantee) contemplate service beyond the retirement age relied upon, an abrupt retirement is unfair

Court orders

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  1. 1.Judgment entered for the Claimant against the Respondent for Kshs. 355,626/-
  2. 2.Costs of the suit to the Claimant

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Employment ActSection 10(5)
  • Employment ActSection 49

Cases cited (7)

  • Nicholas Mbuya and 4 Others v Alice Gesare Moninda
    [2015] eKLR
  • Storer v Manchester City Council
    [1974] 1 WLR 1403
  • Elizabeth Kwamboka Khaemba v BOG Cardinal Otunga High School Mosocho & 2 Others
    [2014] eKLR
  • Benson N. Irungu v Total Kenya Limited
    [2015] eKLR
  • Michael Kagoma Maina v Kenya Police Service & 2 Others
    [2013] eKLR
  • Alfred Nyungu Kimungui v Bomas of Kenya
    [2013] eKLR
  • John Benson Githinji v Attorney General & 4 Others
    [2014] eKLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Employment and Labour Relations Court jurisdiction over employment disputes (Employment Act, Section 49)

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Later judgments citing this (4)

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Judgments in the corpus that rely on this one. Where the Court said how it treated the authority, that is shown.

Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Robert Githua Githaka v SAAB Kenya Limited [2018] KEELRC 1836 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2018). Cause No 270 of 2016. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2018/1836/eng@2018-06-04

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.