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ELRCDismissedCause No. 953 of 2010 (as referenced; Statement of Claim dated 26th February 2014)· [2015] KEELRC 1536 (KLR)

Cliff Omanga Ontita v Teachers Service Commission [2015] KEELRC 1536 (KLR)

Industrial Court of Kenya (Employment and Labour Relations Court)
26 January 2015
2,505 words in judgment
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The bottom line

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A teacher who won at the appeals tribunal lost in court because he appealed against removal from the register, not his actual dismissal, and filed late.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The claimant, a P1 teacher employed by the Teachers Service Commission, was interdicted and dismissed in 2009 following allegations of misconduct with a student. He appealed to the Teachers Service Appeals Tribunal, which on 8th February 2011 found him not guilty, set aside the Commission's decision, and advised him to report for reinstatement to the TSC register. The Commission reinstated his name to the register by letter of 7th October 2011 but declined to reinstate him to employment. He then filed a Statement of Claim in February 2014 seeking reinstatement, salary from 2.9.2010, salary increments, and costs. The respondent opposed, arguing the Tribunal had no mandate to order reinstatement to employment, that the Industrial Court lacked jurisdiction under Section 12(3)(vii) of the Industrial Court Act, and that the claim was statute barred under Section 90 of the Employment Act. The respondent also counter-prayed for a refund of an overpayment of about Kshs 35,303. The court held that the Tribunal's mandate under Section 11(1) of the repealed TSC Act was limited to appeals against refusal of registration or removal from the register, and the claimant's appeal was only against removal from the register, not dismissal. The claim was also filed 19 days out of time. However, the court reiterated that limitation provisions less favourable than the Employment Act, including Section 3(2) of the Public Authorities Limitation Act, are discriminatory and inapplicable to employment disputes. The entire claim was dismissed, the refund prayer was dismissed for want of proof and absence of a formal counterclaim, and each party was ordered to bear its own costs.

Key legal issues

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01

Mandate of the Teachers Service Appeals Tribunal

Holding

The Tribunal could only hear appeals under Sections 7(5) and 10(4) of the repealed TSC Act, i.e. refusal of registration and removal from the register; it had no power to order reinstatement to employment

Reasoning

Section 11(1) of the repealed Act limited the Tribunal to appeals under Sections 7(5) and 10(4). The claimant's appeal was titled as an appeal against removal from the TSC register, indicating no appeal was lodged against dismissal from employment. Reinstatement to employment is a contractual matter outside the Tribunal's statutory remit, so its direction that the claimant be restored to his pre-interdiction status could not extend to employment.

p. 4
02

Limitation of the claim

Holding

The claim, filed 27th February 2014, was out of time even measured from the Tribunal's decision of 8th February 2011, being 19 days late under Section 90 of the Employment Act

Reasoning

The claim was to enforce the Tribunal's decision, so time ran from communication of that decision on 8th February 2011. The three-year period under Section 90 of the Employment Act expired in February 2014 and the suit filed on 27th February 2014 was 19 days late. The respondent also invoked Section 3(2) of the Public Authorities Limitation Act, but the court held that statute inapplicable where inconsistent with the Employment Act.

p. 4
03

Applicability of the Public Authorities Limitation Act to employment disputes

Holding

The Act does not apply to employment disputes insofar as inconsistent with the Employment Act, being discriminatory against government employees

Reasoning

The court reiterated its settled position that limitation provisions less favourable than Section 90 of the Employment Act are discriminatory and unconstitutional, since the Employment Act binds the government and provides minimum terms. Employees of government and local authorities cannot be treated less favourably than other employees in respect of the right to sue over employment.

p. 4

Legal principles established

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  • The Teachers Service Appeals Tribunal's mandate under Section 11(1) of the repealed TSC Act was limited to appeals against refusal of registration or removal from the register of teachers, not reinstatement to employment
  • Provisions limiting employees' rights to sue that are less favourable than the Employment Act are discriminatory and unconstitutional; the Public Authorities Limitation Act does not apply to employment disputes in so far as inconsistent with the Employment Act
  • Reinstatement cannot be ordered after the lapse of three years from dismissal

Court orders

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  1. 1.The entire claim is dismissed
  2. 2.The respondent's prayer for refund of Kshs 35,303.30 is dismissed for lack of proof and no formal counterclaim
  3. 3.Each party shall bear its own costs

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Industrial Court ActSection 12(3)(vii)
  • Teachers Service Commission Act Cap 212 (repealed)Sections 7(5), 10(4), 11(1)
  • Labour Relations ActSection 15 (repealed by Industrial Court Act 2011)
  • Employment ActSections 90, 49(b)
  • Public Authorities Limitation Act Cap 39Section 3(2)
  • Code of Regulations for TeachersRegulation 68
  • Constitution of KenyaArticle 41

Cases cited (8)

  • Hilaron Mwabolo v Kenya Commercial Bank
    [2013] eKLR
  • Benjamin Wachira Ndithi v Public Service Commission and the A.G
    Industrial Court Cause No. 953 of 2010
  • David Njoroge Kimani v The Teachers Service Commission
    Misc. Civil Appl 171 of 2006
  • Joseph Mujibi Ouma v National Cereals & Produce Board & 2 Others
    Civil Suit No. 156/1997
  • Dalmas B. Ogoye v KNTC
    Civil Appeal No. 125/1995
  • Universities Academic Staff Union v Masinde Muliro University of Science & Technology
    Industrial Cause No. 379/10
  • Republic v Teachers Service Appeal Tribunal & Another
    Judicial Review No. 260/08
  • Okong'o v AG & Another
    {1988} KLR, Civil Suit No. 998/01
Jurisdiction invoked
Industrial Court Act No. 20 of 2011 (Section 12 jurisdiction disputed by respondent)

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Later judgments citing this (4)

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Judgments in the corpus that rely on this one. Where the Court said how it treated the authority, that is shown.

Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Cliff Omanga Ontita v Teachers Service Commission [2015] KEELRC 1536 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2015). Cause No. 953 of 2010 (as referenced; Statement of Claim dated 26th February 2014). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2015/1536/eng@2015-01-26

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.