Gesanda & 9 others v School Committee Nyamwetureko Primary School & 2 others

JUDGMENT 1. The said parcels of land border parcel number West Mugirango/ Siamani / 1101 belonging to the 1st Defendant herein, a Public Primary School Institution established under the Basic Education Act. The 2nd Defendant is the Land Registrar, Nyamira and the 3rd Defendant the County Surveyor. 2. It is the Plainti’s case that there has been a long-standing boundary dispute between the 1st Defendant on one hand and the respective Plaintis on the other and the 2nd and 3rd Defendants have failed to resolve the same hence neglecting their duties under the law. The Plaintis therefore pray that this court compels the 2nd and 3rd Defendants to determine the boundary dispute between parcel numbers West Mugirango/Siamani/1101 on one hand and LR West Mugirango/ Siamani/779, 807, 1538, 1540, 2371, 3417, 3733, 3978, 4657 and 5515 on the other. And in case there is any encroachment by the 1st Defendant, an eviction order be issued. The 1st Plainti’s written statement accompanying the Plaint repeats these averments while all the other Plaintis echo the same. 3. On its part, the 1st Defendant, by a statement of Defence dated July 16, 2019 denied any encroachment and averred that the 2nd and 3rd Defendants visited the locus in quo and led a Report that vindicated the school. She therefore asks the court to dismiss the claim. In his statement Mr Samuel Maosa, the Chairman of the 1st Defendant claimed that the 5th Plainti who used to be a teacher in the school and who bought a piece of land adjacent to the school and later incited his Co-Plaintis that there is encroachment. He also instigated the other Plaintis to demolish the school fence hence compromising the security of the school community and that the Plaintis among other things have been misusing the school toilets, which has put the learners’ hygiene in jeopardy. Zablon Osano, the Vice Chairman of the school reiterated the same statement. 4. The Hearing of the suit commenced with Mr Solomon Njoga, a private Surveyor, with Prime Surveyors, based in Kisii Town testifying that on February 14, 2022 with the Plaintis’ instructions he visited the boundary in dispute to establish whether the 1st Defendant had encroached onto the Plaintis’ parcels of land. He compared the boundaries on the ground with the Preliminary Index Diagram Maps (PIDs) and the mutation forms both from Survey of Kenya. He made the following observations: - 5. a. On paper the Preliminary Index Diagram (PID) and the mutation records accurately tallied. b. However, on the ground, there were anomalies. He listed the anomalies and produced the Report he made dated October 12, 2022 in court. He concluded his testimony by saying that the 1st Defendant had encroached onto the Plaintis’ parcels of land. The Private Surveyor says that:The physical ground measurement diers from the scaled measurement of both Preliminary Index Diagram (PID) Map and certied mutation forms from survey records as follows: - https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2023/15907/eng@2023-03-02 2

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Names Parcel No. Size Acreage NyAkweba Gesanda 2371 16 X 10 0.016ha Josphat Mayaka Mong’are 1540 24 X 12 0.029ha William Mwasi Ocharo 807 74 X 6 0.044ha Nyachiro Obanyi 3733 10 X 16 0.016ha Peter Mosomi Ondieki 5515 6 X 30 0.018ha Andrew Nyamora Obanyi 771 16 X 49 0.078ha Nyachiro Kibwogo Survey Help Group 779 24 X 14 0.031ha Benson Omboga Kibwogo 893 25 X 17 0.042ha Mwamiyogo Self Help Group 1538 9 X 50 0.045ha Seventh Day Adventist Church Ea Ltd 4657 28 X 12 0.033ha Total 0.352Ha 6. Columns 3 and 4 of the table above do not indicate what the acreage shown refers to and the court cannot speculate. https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2023/15907/eng@2023-03-02 3

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7. Curiously though, the Report does not indicate by what measurements the encroachment is. We cannot speculate. The private Surveyor even made the work of the court more dicult by giving an incomplete report which states that: 'Due to the nature of work, there was need to cover so many plots for the accuracy of the job.' 8. I nd this to be very unfair to the private surveyor’s clients. 9. It is noteworthy to indicate that this report was the second one that replaced an earlier one dated February 14, 2022 which was withdrawn in favour of the latter. There was enough time to do the survey work since February 2022 and compile a thorough report before the hearing of the case on November 22, 2022 and the question of there being no time to cover so many plots for the accuracy of the job does not arise. In any case the witness is admitting that he didn’t do an accurate job and his Report is therefore quite unreliable. This is so disturbing when you put into consideration that when the matter came up for hearing rst on October 6, 2022 the surveyor was given more time to bring some documents that he had not supplied to the Defendants i.e the sketch diagrams. When he came back on October 27, 2022 he came with another Report other than the one he had produced earlier on dated February 14, 2022. He withdrew the earlier one and replaced it with the one dated October 12, 2022. He therefore had enough time to do the work he was instructed to do, having visited the locus in quo in February 2022, more than 7 years earlier. 10. Although the Report does not indicate so, Mr Njoga told the court that the last column shows the size of the encroachment. The same is not substantiated. How did he arrive at those gures? The private surveyor also admitted that he did not know the acreage of the Defendant’s land. He justied his Report by claiming that what was in the mutation forms is what informed his calculation of the Plaintis’ acreage. The said mutation forms were prepared by a private surveyor who never came to court to explain how he arrived at the acreages. 11. On his part, the Nyamira County Surveyor Mr Francis Oganda said that he visited the parcels of land on May 23, 2022 in the presence of all the respective parties as well as Nyamira Land Registrar Mr Martin Osano. He also failed the court because he testied that he did not take measurements of the Plaintis’ parcels of land. In his Report dated June 9, 2022 Mr Oganda said that with the help of the Registry Index Map (RIM) and the GPS machine and measuring tape he found out that the boundaries of the Defendant’s school were intact and that there was no encroachment into the Plaintis’ parcels of land and that there is an undisputed road around the school. Mr Oganda also produced in court a sketch of the school and the Plaintis’ parcels of land which he would want the court to nd in favour of. He testied that the surrounding road was done by the County Government of Nyamira. 12. The last witness in this case, Mr Martin Osano, Land Registrar, Nyamira produced his Report dated May 23, 2022. He said that he relied on the County Surveyor’s Report dated May 23, 2022 to conclude that there was no encroachment and that he believed this because there was a road surrounding the 1st Defendant school. 13. The burden of proof in this case squarely lies with the Plaintis. It would never shift. They relied on their private surveyor to carry out the survey work on the ground and then write a Report to show that there was encroachment of their parcels of land by the 1st Defendant school. The said surveyor, Mr Njoga did not discharge this burden in spite of all the time he had. On her part, the 1st Defendant was able to produce a sketch map in court to prove that the 1st Defendant’s land has not encroached onto the Plaintis’. https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2023/15907/eng@2023-03-02 4

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14. The Plaintis did not aver nor does their Surveyor’s Report indicate that the road between their parcels and the 1st Defendant’s land had encroached onto their lands. Nor did they claim that their parcels of land have gone beyond the road. If the road does not encroach onto their parcels of land, how then could the 1st Defendant’s land, further away have done so? Consequently, I dismiss the case with costs. JUDGMENT DATED, SIGNED AND DELIVERED AT NYAMIRA THIS 2ND DAY OF MARCH 2023. MUGO KAMAU JUDGE In the Presence of: Court Assistant: Sibota Plaintis: Mr. Soire Defendants: Mr. Nderitu https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2023/15907/eng@2023-03-02 5

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