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High CourtStruck OutCivil Case (not stated in judgment as provided)

Emmanuel Mochawa Wawole (Suing as Chairman/Personal Representative of the Estate of the late Victor Elidaima Mochawa (Deceased)) v Harun Kariuki Kamande

High Court of Kenya
5 October 2020
4,030 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
·~16 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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To successfully sue on behalf of an estate, your legal grant must specifically authorize you to bring the claim.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Plaintiff, father of the deceased, sued the owner of motor vehicle KBR 841J Toyota Probox for fatal injuries sustained by the deceased, a passenger, in an accident on the Mwingi-Garissa Road, claiming general damages under the Law Reform Act and Fatal Accidents Act, special damages of Kshs.461,890, costs and interest. The defence filed a statement but called no evidence. The court framed three issues: capacity to sue, liability, and quantum. On capacity, it held that the Limited Grant of Letters of Administration Ad Colligenda Bona under which the Plaintiff sued was limited to collecting and preserving the estate and did not empower him to institute a suit; an Ad Litem Grant under paragraph 14 of the Fifth Schedule to the Law of Succession Act was required, following Morjaria v Abdalla. The Plaintiff therefore lacked locus standi. On liability, the uncontroverted Police Abstract and Death Certificate, coupled with the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur and the absence of any defence evidence, led the court to find the Defendant 100% liable. On quantum, the court indicated the awards it would have made - Kshs.10,000 for pain and suffering, Kshs.200,000 for loss of expectation of life, a global dependency award of Kshs.2,500,000, and Kshs.261,450 special damages - but made no award. The suit was struck out with liberty to file a fresh suit after obtaining a Limited Grant Ad Litem. No costs order was made.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether a Limited Grant Ad Colligenda Bona confers locus standi to sue

Holding

It does not; the grant was limited to collecting and preserving the estate, and the Plaintiff required an Ad Litem Grant under paragraph 14 of the Fifth Schedule to institute the suit.

Reasoning

The court examined Section 54 and Section 67 of the Law of Succession Act and Rule 36 of the Probate and Administration Rules, and relied on Morjaria v Abdalla, which held that an ad colligenda bona appointment cannot include the right to stand in the shoes of the deceased for instituting an action. The face of the grant showed it was limited to collection and preservation until further representation. Instituting a suit was not among the special purposes indicated, so the Plaintiff was not a legal representative and lacked capacity; the suit was a nullity for want of a competent party.

p. 4
02

Whether the Defendant was liable for the fatal accident

Holding

Yes - the Defendant was found 100% liable on the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur, the uncontroverted Police Abstract and Death Certificate showing his vehicle was involved in the fatal accident with no rebutting evidence.

Reasoning

The defence filed a statement but called no witness, leaving the defence as mere allegations. Although no eyewitness testified, the Police Abstract established the occurrence of the accident, the vehicle involved and the fatality, and the Death Certificate recorded death from a road traffic accident. Applying res ipsa loquitur as explained in Nandwa v Kenya Kazi Limited citing Barkway v South Wales Transport, negligence could be inferred in the absence of any explanation from the Defendant, who controlled the vehicle.

p. 5
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Quantum of damages

Holding

The court indicated the damages it 'would have' awarded: Kshs.10,000 for pain and suffering, Kshs.200,000 for loss of expectation of life, a global award of Kshs.2,500,000 for loss of dependency, and Kshs.261,450 special damages - but these were not granted because the suit was struck out.

Reasoning

Because the deceased's earnings could not be precisely ascertained from the banking slips produced, the court adopted a global award for loss of dependency following the multiplier-approach guidance in Mwanzia v Ngalali Mutua as quoted in Albert Odawa v Gichimu Gichenji. Special damages were considered specifically proved by receipts. However, all these figures were expressed conditionally ('would have awarded') and no damages were actually awarded since the suit was struck out for want of locus standi.

p. 5

Legal principles established

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  • A grant of letters of administration ad colligenda bona is limited to collecting and preserving the estate and does not confer capacity to institute a suit; an ad litem grant under paragraph 14 of the Fifth Schedule is required.
  • Where a defendant files a statement of defence but calls no evidence, the plaintiff's uncontroverted evidence stands and the defence remains mere allegations.
  • The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur permits negligence to be inferred from the occurrence of the accident itself in the absence of any explanation or rebutting evidence.

Court orders

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  1. 1.The suit is struck out
  2. 2.The Plaintiff is at liberty to file a fresh suit after obtaining a Limited Grant Ad Litem
Jurisdiction invoked
Original civil jurisdiction of the High Court in a fatal accident/negligence claim under the Law Reform Act and Fatal Accidents Act

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Emmanuel Mochawa Wawole (Suing as Chairman/Personal Representative of the Estate of the late Victor Elidaima Mochawa (Deceased)) v Harun Kariuki Kamande", Case Analysis (2020). Civil Case (not stated in judgment as provided). Source: 

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.