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ELRCPartially AllowedStatement of Claim dated 30th May 2022 (Cause)· [2025] KEELRC 378 (KLR)

Wanjeri v Jacaranda Nairobi Hotel (Cause E359 of 2022) [2025] KEELRC 378 (KLR)

Employment and Labour Relations Court
14 February 2025
2,828 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
·~11 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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A Kenyan court ruled that putting an employee on indefinite unpaid leave and then going silent counts as unfair dismissal, awarding her compensation and costs.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Claimant, employed as a receptionist by the Respondent from March 2011 on monthly pay of Kshs.41,114 to Kshs.64,893, claimed that her employment was constructively terminated after the Respondent placed her on successive six-month periods of unpaid leave beginning March 2021, citing COVID-19's impact on the hotel industry, and never recalled her or clarified her employment status. She sought notice pay, twelve months' salary for constructive dismissal, unpaid leave, gratuity, damages, arrears, certificate of service, interest and costs. The Respondent denied termination, blaming the pandemic, and relied on communiques from KUDHEIHA and the Hotel Owners Association recommending unpaid leave rotations. The claim proceeded by formal proof as the Respondent filed a reply but called no witness. Framing two issues - constructive dismissal and entitlement to reliefs - the court applied the Court of Appeal's principles in Coca Cola v Maria Kagai Ligaga and followed Esther Wanjiku Kihura v Amazon Motors, holding that the Respondent's ultimate silence regarding the Claimant's employment status after the pandemic amounted to constructive dismissal. However, the court found the Respondent had kept the Claimant updated of the position for a period, and awarded only notice pay of Kshs.123,342 and general damages equivalent to four months (Kshs.164,456), totaling Kshs.287,798 with interest at 14% per annum from the date of judgment, plus costs and a certificate of service within 30 days. The claims for unpaid leave, gratuity, damages and arrears were denied as unproven.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether the Claimant was constructively dismissed

Holding

The court found constructive dismissal because the Respondent failed to inform the Claimant of the status of her job after the COVID-19 pandemic despite repeated extensions of unpaid leave

Reasoning

Applying the Coca Cola v Ligaga principles and Esther Wanjiku Kihura v Amazon Motors, the court found that although the Respondent initially updated the Claimant, it ultimately went silent and never informed her of her employment status after the pandemic. This silence evidenced that the Respondent was no longer interested in the employment contract, a breach going to the root of the contract entitling the Claimant to treat herself as constructively dismissed.

p. 6
02

Whether the Claimant is entitled to the reliefs sought

Holding

Judgment entered for notice pay, four months' general damages, interest, costs and certificate of service; unpaid leave, gratuity, damages and arrears claims denied for lack of proof

Reasoning

The court awarded notice pay computed at the Claimant's salary of Kshs.41,114 and general damages equivalent to four months' salary, taking into account that the Respondent had kept her updated of the position. The remaining heads were unsupported by evidence and were dismissed. The Claimant was also to receive her certificate of service and costs.

p. 7

Legal principles established

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  • Sending an employee on indefinite unpaid leave without communication on the status of their employment amounts to constructive dismissal
  • Unpaid leave has no legal basis in the Employment Act and requires mutual agreement between employer and employee

Court orders

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  1. 1.Three months salary in lieu of notice at Kshs.41,114 amounting to Kshs.123,342
  2. 2.General damages equivalent of 4 months' salary amounting to Kshs.164,456
  3. 3.Total award of Kshs.287,798 with interest at 14% per annum from date of Judgment till full payment
  4. 4.Claimant awarded costs
  5. 5.Claimant to be given her certificate of service within 30 days from the date of judgment
  6. 6.Prayers for unpaid leave, gratuity, damages and arrears denied

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 41
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 47
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 159(2)(d)
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 48
  • Employment ActSections 10(5), 41, 43, 43(1), 45(2), 45(2)(c), 47(5), 49
  • Civil Procedure RulesOrder 21 Rule 1
  • Civil Procedure ActSection 1B

Cases cited (17)

  • Anthony Mkala Chitavi v Malindi Water & Sewerage Company Ltd
    [2013] KEELRC 920 (KLR)
  • Kariamburi V Bins (Nairobi) Services Ltd
    [2024] KEELRC 1975 (KLR)
  • Mary Chemweno Kiptui V Kenya Pipeline Company Limited
    (2014) eKLR
  • Gachuhi V Malster International
    [2022] KEELRC 3822 (KLR)
  • Peter Omare Nyangesera V Registered Trustees of Impala Club
  • Boniface Nyaga Njiru V Board of Trustees Gichugu Water & Sanitation Trust
    [2014] eKLR
  • Humprey Sitati V Board of Management Lenana School
    [2020] eKLR
  • Harrison Macharia Maina V Leo Design Limited
    [2021] eKLR
  • Kenya Private Universities Workers Union V KAG East Africa
    [2021] eKLR
  • David Gichana Omuya V Mombasa Maize Millers Limited
    [2014] eKLR
  • CMC Aviation Limited V Mohammed Noor
    [2015] eKLR
  • Lydia Moraa Obara V Tusker Mattresses Limited
  • Cooperative Bank of Kenya Limited V Banking Insurance & Finance Union
    [2017] eKLR
  • Naima Khamis V Oxford University Press (EA) Limited
    [2017] eKLR
  • Joshua Otiego Apiyo V Modern Coast Express Ltd
    [2019] eKLR
  • Coca Cola East & Central Africa Limited V Maria Kagai Ligaga
    [2015] eKLR
  • Esther Wanjiku Kihura -vs- Amazon Motors Limited
    Cause No. E830 of 2021
Jurisdiction invoked
Employment and labour relations jurisdiction under Article 162(2) of the Constitution (implied by court; not expressly cited)

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Wanjeri v Jacaranda Nairobi Hotel (Cause E359 of 2022) [2025] KEELRC 378 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2025). Statement of Claim dated 30th May 2022 (Cause). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2025/378/eng@2025-02-14

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.