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ELRCPartially AllowedCause No E094 of 2023· [2024] KEELRC 1813 (KLR)

Mohumed v Wajir County Assembly Service Board (Cause E094 of 2023) [2024] KEELRC 1813 (KLR)

Employment and Labour Relations Court
8 July 2024
3,717 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
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The bottom line

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Kenya's Employment Court ruled a County Assembly secretary was unfairly fired without reasons or a hearing, and ordered her reinstated with full benefits and costs.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Claimant, engaged as a secretary by the Respondent by a letter of appointment dated 25th September 2017 on six months' probation, sued after her services were verbally declared no longer required at the close of August 2022 without notice, reasons or a hearing, and without payment of her August 2022 salary. She sought a declaration that the termination was illegal, reinstatement, salary for August 2022, general damages and costs. The Respondent filed a defence but called no evidence, resisting the claim on two points of law. First, it argued the ELRC lacked jurisdiction since the Claimant's salary fell below the Ksh. 80,000 threshold in Gazette Notice No. 6024 of 2018. The court held that the ELRC's jurisdiction under Article 162 of the Constitution and section 12 of the ELRC Act is not ousted by section 29 of the ELRC Act, which merely facilitates access to justice. Second, the Respondent argued the Claimant should have first gone to the Public Service Commission under section 77 of the County Governments Act and section 85 of the Public Service Commission Act. The court held those provisions cover County Assembly staff, but that exhaustion postpones rather than ousts jurisdiction, and the Respondent, having raised the objection only after trial, was deemed to have acquiesced. On the merits, the court found the contract constructively confirmed upon lapse of probation, and the termination unlawful for want of valid reason and fair procedure under sections 41, 43 and 45 of the Employment Act. General damages were refused as unavailable for breach of contract. Reinstatement without loss of benefits and costs were granted.

Key legal issues

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01

Jurisdiction of the ELRC over employment disputes below the Ksh. 80,000 salary threshold

Holding

The ELRC's constitutional and statutory jurisdiction under Article 162 and section 12 of the ELRC Act is not taken away by section 29(3) of the ELRC Act and Gazette Notice No. 6024 of 2018; the conferment on magistrates only facilitates access to justice.

Reasoning

The Respondent argued the matter belonged to the Magistrate's Court given the Claimant's salary. The court held that the ELRC's jurisdiction stems from Article 162 of the Constitution and section 12 of the ELRC Act, which confers original and appellate jurisdiction. Section 29 empowers the Chief Justice to appoint magistrates only to facilitate access to judicial services, not to oust the ELRC's jurisdiction. The AVC case was distinguished as a convenience transfer, not a jurisdictional ruling.

p. 2
02

Exhaustion of alternative dispute resolution mechanisms under section 77 of the County Governments Act and section 85 of the Public Service Commission Act

Holding

The Claimant's grievance was amenable to the Public Service Commission mechanism since 'County Public Officer' covers County Assembly employees; however, the objection failed because it was raised after trial commenced, amounting to acquiescence, and exhaustion postpones rather than ousts jurisdiction.

Reasoning

The court read section 77 of the County Governments Act with section 85 of the Public Service Commission Act and held that 'any county public officer' includes County Assembly staff, since a County Government under Article 176 comprises both the County Assembly and County Executive. Nevertheless, the doctrine of exhaustion postpones rather than ousts jurisdiction, and the Respondent, having not raised the objection before trial, was deemed to have acquiesced to the court's jurisdiction.

p. 4
03

Lawfulness of the termination

Holding

The termination was unlawful for want of valid reason and fair procedure under sections 41, 43 and 45 of the Employment Act; the Claimant's contract had been constructively confirmed after probation lapsed.

Reasoning

The Claimant testified that her services were verbally declared no longer required without notice, reasons or a hearing, and the Respondent tendered no evidence to controvert this. The employer bears the burden of justifying termination. The June 2022 confirmation letter was of no legal effect since the contract was constructively confirmed when the probationary period lapsed in April 2018 and the employee continued in service.

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Entitlement to reinstatement

Holding

Reinstatement was granted as a suitable remedy, considering the Respondent's status as a public employer, the difficulty of securing alternative employment and the short lapse of time since termination.

Reasoning

Though reinstatement is granted sparingly because the employment relationship is anchored on trust, the court considered the parties' desires, the practicability of implementation, the public nature of the employer easing reintegration, and the fact that termination occurred only about two years earlier. It therefore ordered reinstatement without loss of benefits.

p. 7

Legal principles established

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  • Statutory requirements to exhaust alternative dispute resolution mechanisms postpone, but do not oust, the court's jurisdiction.
  • An objection on want of exhaustion must be raised before commencement of trial or the party is deemed to have acquiesced to the court's jurisdiction.
  • A contract is constructively confirmed where the employee continues in service after the probationary period lapses without extension.
  • An employee must still adduce prima facie evidence of unlawfulness under section 47 of the Employment Act even where the defendant calls no evidence.
  • General damages are not available for breach of contract, including contracts of service.

Court orders

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  1. 1.Declaration that the Respondent's decision to terminate the Claimant's contract of service was unlawful
  2. 2.The Respondent is ordered to reinstate the Claimant to her position without loss of benefits
  3. 3.Costs of the case are granted to the Claimant

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Employment and Labour Relations Actsection 29(1), section 29(3), section 12
  • County Governments Actsection 77, section 77(1), section 2
  • Public Service Commission Actsection 85
  • Employment Actsection 47, sections 41, 43 and 45, section 49
  • Constitution of KenyaArticle 162, Article 176, Article 234(2)(i), Article 10, Article 232
  • ELRC Procedure RulesRule 28(3)
  • Gazette Notice No. 6024 of 2018

Cases cited (9)

  • AVC Management Ltd v Emmanuel Jilani
    (2022) eKLR
  • John Mwivithi Mutie v Speaker Kiambu County Assembly & 2 others; County Secretary Kiambu County Government & another (Interested Parties)
    [2022] eKLR
  • Abdikadir Suleiman v County Government of Isiolo & another
    [2015] eKLR
  • RC v KKR
    [2021] eKLR
  • Kyalo Elly Joy v Samuel Gitahi Kanyeri
    [2021] eKLR
  • Lear Shighadi Sinoya v Avtech Systems Limited
    [2017] eKLR
  • Galgalo Jarso Jillo v Agricultural Finance Corporation
    [2021] eKLR
  • Kenya Broadcasting Corporation v Geofirey Wakio
    [2019] eKLR
  • Kenya Airways Limited v Aviation & Allied Workers Union Kenya & 3 Others
    [2014] eKLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Article 162 of the Constitution read with section 12 of the Employment and Labour Relations Act

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Later judgments citing this (3)

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Judgments in the corpus that rely on this one. Where the Court said how it treated the authority, that is shown.

Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Mohumed v Wajir County Assembly Service Board (Cause E094 of 2023) [2024] KEELRC 1813 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2024). Cause No E094 of 2023. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2024/1813/eng@2024-07-08

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.