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ELRCDismissedPetition dated 10th June 2021· [2022] KEELRC 705 (KLR)

Abdinoor Sheikh Takoy v Kenya National Highways Authority [2022] KEELRC 705 (KLR)

Employment and Labour Relations Court
18 February 2022
3,561 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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·~14 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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Kenyan employers can retire you using the birth date you declared when hired, even if you later produce a birth certificate showing a different one.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Petitioner, an employee of the Kenya National Highways Authority engaged as Deputy Director, Roads, Grade 3, challenged by petition the Respondent's decision to retire him on 30th June 2021 upon attaining the retirement age of 60. He sought a declaration that the retirement decision was unconstitutional, wrongful and irregular, plus certiorari, mandamus and prohibition, contending that his true date of birth was 28th November 1965 per his certificate of birth, and relying on the decision in Republic v Judicial Service Commission & 2 others ex parte Erastus Githinji and a PSC circular of 19th November 2020 directing that a public officer's date of birth is that on the certificate of birth. The Respondent, through the affidavit of Eliphas Choge, maintained that the Petitioner declared 1961 on his employment application and held a 1979 identity card showing 1961, never sought any variation of his particulars until the retirement notice, and only produced a birth certificate and a replacement identity card after being notified of retirement. The court framed two issues: the Petitioner's date of birth and whether his constitutional rights were violated. It distinguished the Githinji case, where the birth certificate merely clarified the day within the same year, and held the PSC circular misconstrued that judgment. The court found the Respondent entitled to rely on the date of birth in its employment records, held the Petitioner failed to prove any constitutional breach, and dismissed the petition. No express costs order was made.

Key legal issues

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01

What is the Petitioner's date of birth for purposes of compulsory retirement?

Holding

The Petitioner's date of birth is as per the records declared at first appointment (1961); the later birth certificate and replacement identity card did not displace those records

Reasoning

The identity card produced at recruitment in 1979 showed 1961, as did the employment application form. The Petitioner's new identity card showing 1965 was issued on 18th June 2020, after the retirement notification, and his own letter explained it was changed merely to conform with a birth certificate obtained in 1999. He never sought variation of his particulars throughout employment. The Erastus Githinji decision was distinguishable because there the birth certificate only clarified the day, not the year.

p. 5
02

Did the Respondent violate the Petitioner's constitutional rights?

Holding

No breach of constitutional rights was proved; reliance on the employment records was lawful

Reasoning

The Petitioner alleged violation of the right to life, social and economic rights and fair administrative action. The court found the Respondent acted within its rights in using the declared date of birth, given the employee's silence over his long service and the fact that the PSC circular of 19th November 2020 misread the Githinji judgment. The Petitioner failed to prove the recorded date of birth, voluntarily supplied by him, was not his actual date of birth.

p. 5
03

What is the correct effect of the Erastus Githinji judgment and the PSC circular of 19th November 2020?

Holding

The Githinji decision was distinguishable on its facts, and the PSC circular interpreting it as mandating reliance on birth certificates in all cases was erroneous

Reasoning

In Githinji the employment records showed only the year 1949, and the birth certificate merely specified the actual day within the same year. Here the birth certificate changed the year itself, from 1961 to 1965, without explanation. The circular dated 19th November 2020, which directed that the date of birth for public officers is that on the certificate of birth, was in the court's view a misreading of the judgment.

p. 5

Legal principles established

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  • An employer is entitled to rely on the date of birth in its employment records, as voluntarily declared by the employee on first appointment, to determine compulsory retirement where the employee never sought variation during service

Court orders

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  1. 1.The petition is dismissed
  2. 2.Directions that the judgment be delivered by video conferencing or email pursuant to COVID-19 measures, waiving compliance with Order 21 Rule 1 of the Civil Procedure Rules

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Kenya Roads ActEstablishment of the Respondent
  • Code of Regulations (Revised 2006)R19
  • Births and Deaths Registration ActNot specified
  • Evidence ActNot specified
  • Pensions ActSection 8 (compulsory retirement); compulsory retirement age provisions
  • Pensions (Increase) ActNot specified
  • Provident Fund ActNot specified
  • Widows and Orphans Pension ActNot specified
  • Employment ActEmployer's duty to keep records of particulars of employees including age
  • Constitution of KenyaArticles 159(2)(d) and 48
  • Civil Procedure RulesOrder 21 Rule 1
  • Civil Procedure ActSection 1B
  • Pensions RegulationsRegulation 23

Cases cited (1)

  • Republic v Judicial Service Commission & 2 others ex parte Erastus Githinji
    Judicial Review No. 82 of 2019 (also referred to as Judicial Review Application No. 8 of 2019)
Jurisdiction invoked
Original constitutional petition jurisdiction of the Employment and Labour Relations Court; the judgment does not cite a specific jurisdictional provision, though it cites Articles 159(2)(d) and 48 of the Constitution in the delivery order

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Later judgments citing this (5)

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Judgments in the corpus that rely on this one. Where the Court said how it treated the authority, that is shown.

Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Abdinoor Sheikh Takoy v Kenya National Highways Authority [2022] KEELRC 705 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2022). Petition dated 10th June 2021. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2022/705/eng@2022-02-18

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.