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ELRCPartially AllowedMemorandum of Claim filed 29th October 2015· [2021] KEELRC 1652 (KLR)

Albano Kathenya Kithure v Brinks Security Services Limited [2021] KEELRC 1652 (KLR)

Employment and Labour Relations Court
28 May 2021
2,835 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
·~11 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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A Kenyan security guard who worked 12-hour days won over Kshs.1.3 million in unpaid wages and overtime from his former employer.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Claimant, employed as a Security Guard (Dog Handling Section) from January 2007, resigned in January 2015 due to medical conditions and filed a Memorandum of Claim on 29th October 2015 seeking underpayment of Kshs.280,784.20, overtime of Kshs.1,025,308.00, leave pay for 2014, a uniform refund of Kshs.2,400, a certificate of service, costs and interest. The Respondent denied the claims, asserting the Claimant never cleared to enable computation of dues, and counterclaimed Kshs.10,500 as payment in lieu of notice. At hearing, the Respondent's HR Manager conceded the Claimant worked from 6 am to 6 pm and that no contract of employment or pay slips were produced. The court found the Claimant was paid below the statutory minimum wage throughout, computed shortfalls by loading the minimum wage with 15% house allowance, and awarded underpayment as prayed. Overtime was awarded because 12-hour days exceeded the 52-hour weekly cap under the Protective Security Services Order, and the muster roll did not record hours. Leave pay was awarded at the last salary of Kshs.10,500 rather than the claimed figure, and the uniform refund was allowed as the Claimant had cleared and returned the uniform. On the counterclaim, the court held that under section 36 of the Employment Act one month's notice was required, but as the Claimant worked the whole of January 2015, only 19 days' unserved notice (Kshs.7,673) was deductible. Judgment totalled Kshs.1,318,992.20 less the notice deduction, with a certificate of service, costs to the Claimant and interest from judgment. Delivered virtually at Nairobi on 28th May 2021 by Maureen Onyango J.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether the Claimant was underpaid relative to the statutory minimum wage

Holding

The Claimant proved underpayment across the employment period and was awarded the pleaded Kshs.280,784.20

Reasoning

There was a discrepancy between the amount pleaded, the testimony and the payroll, but the incomplete payroll and pay slips showed earnings below the minimum wage for each year. The court computed the shortfall for each period by loading the minimum required wage with 15% house allowance and deducting actual pay, arriving at the total claimed. Having been underpaid for all months worked, the Claimant received the amount as prayed.

p. 5
02

Whether the Claimant was entitled to overtime

Holding

Overtime awarded as prayed (Kshs.1,025,308.00) since the Claimant worked 12 hours daily, exceeding the 52-hour statutory cap

Reasoning

RW1 admitted on cross-examination that the Claimant worked from 6 am to 6 pm. The muster roll only recorded attendance days, not hours worked. Working 12 hours daily yielded 84 hours per week against the 52 hours permitted under the Regulation of Wages [Protective Security] Services Order 1998. The claim of 96 hours per month was less than the entitlement even after excluding off days and leave, so overtime was awarded as prayed.

p. 5
03

Whether the Claimant was entitled to leave pay for 2014 and uniform refund

Holding

Leave pay awarded at Kshs.10,500 (the last salary) and uniform refund of Kshs.2,400 awarded

Reasoning

RW1 conceded the Claimant was entitled to leave for 2014, disputing only the quantum; the court used the actual last salary of Kshs.10,500 rather than the claimed Kshs.10,911.70. On the uniform refund, the Claimant testified he cleared with the Respondent and returned the uniform and was issued an acknowledgment, so the Kshs.2,400 deducted was refundable.

p. 5
04

Whether the Respondent's counterclaim for one month's salary in lieu of notice succeeds

Holding

Partially allowed: the Respondent may recover only 19 days' unserved notice (Kshs.7,673) from terminal dues

Reasoning

The resignation letter did not state the termination was mutual, and under section 36 of the Employment Act the Claimant was required to give one month's notice. The Claimant did not respond to the counterclaim, and the Respondent's acceptance letter indicated the notice period would be recovered. However, since the Claimant worked the whole of January 2015, only the unserved days were recoverable.

p. 5

Legal principles established

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  • For determination of underpayment, the basic pay is loaded with 15% to cater for house allowance
  • An employee who resigns without notice is liable to have payment in lieu of notice deducted from terminal dues under section 36 of the Employment Act
  • An employee is entitled to a Certificate of Service upon separation

Court orders

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  1. 1.Judgment entered for the Claimant for underpayments of Kshs.280,784.20
  2. 2.Overtime awarded of Kshs.1,025,308.00
  3. 3.Leave for 2014 awarded of Kshs.10,500.00
  4. 4.Uniform refund awarded of Kshs.2,400.00 (total Kshs.1,318,992.20)
  5. 5.The Respondent shall recover from the said amount the sum of Kshs.7,673/= on account of 19 days' notice not served
  6. 6.The Respondent shall issue a certificate of service to the Claimant
  7. 7.The Respondent shall pay Claimant's costs of the suit
  8. 8.Interest shall accrue from date of judgment

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Constitution of KenyaArticle 159(2)(d)
  • Constitution of KenyaArticle 48
  • Employment ActSection 10(1)
  • Employment ActSection 74
  • Employment ActSection 90
  • Employment ActSection 51
  • Employment ActSection 36
  • Regulation of Wages [Protective Security] Services Order 1998Regulation 6
  • Regulation of Wages (General) (Amendment) Order 2013
  • Civil Procedure RulesOrder 21 Rule 1
  • Civil Procedure ActSection 1B

Cases cited (5)

  • Martin Ireri Ndwiga v Olerai Management Company
    [2017] eKLR
  • Meshack Kiiio Ikuluma v Prime Fuels Kenya Limited
    [2013] eKLR
  • Fred Makori Ondari v The Management Committee of the Ministry of Works Sports Club
    [2013] eKLR
  • Charles Nguma Maina v Riley Services Limited
    [2018] eKLR
  • Samuel Omutoko Mabinda v Riley Services Limited
    [2019] eKLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Employment and labour relations jurisdiction under Article 162(2) of the Constitution (Employment and Labour Relations Court); claim brought under the Employment Act

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Albano Kathenya Kithure v Brinks Security Services Limited [2021] KEELRC 1652 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2021). Memorandum of Claim filed 29th October 2015. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2021/1652/eng@2021-05-28

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.