Grace Achieng Okanga & another v South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited [2016] KEELRC 856 (KLR)
The bottom line
#Kenya's Employment Court ruled the dismissals were fair, but the employer still had to pay salaries it withheld during the disciplinary process.
What this practically means
#Executive summary
#Key legal issues
#Whether termination was substantively unfair
There was valid reason to take disciplinary action as the Claimants admitted approving certificates with rates higher than the contracts; the lesser ground in the termination letters (negligence rather than intent to defraud) caused no prejudice
The court found the facts undisputed: the Claimants approved certificates of completed assignments at rates different from the governing contracts, relying on previous certificates without independent confirmation or raising the discrepancy with superiors, which constituted negligence. The unproved element of intent to defraud did not prejudice them since culpability was found on a less serious ground. Their own admissions established valid reason for termination.
Whether the disciplinary procedure complied with natural justice
The 2nd Claimant was not prejudiced by the alleged hostility of the Ad-hoc Committee; no sufficient evidence proved mistreatment
The minutes of the ad-hoc committee were not availed, the Claimant admitted not raising objections at the hearing, and the determination was largely based on the KPMG Forensic Report. The court held the Claimant should have applied for production of the minutes if he alleged irregularity, and found no sufficient evidence of hostility or denial of an opportunity to present his case.
Entitlement to withheld salary during interdiction and suspension
The Claimants were entitled to all withheld salary as the termination letter promised payment of salary earned to date of termination, and they were terminated rather than dismissed
The evidence showed the Claimants were not paid withheld salary for the interdiction and suspension period despite the termination letter promising payment of salary earned up to and including 16th August 2010. The court held this was a renege on that promise and that terminated (as opposed to dismissed) employees are entitled to all monies withheld during the disciplinary process.
Whether anticipatory damages to retirement age were recoverable
Such damages are not available; an employment relationship is not a commercial relationship and no contract is intended to bind until retirement
Adopting the reasoning in Abraham Gumba v Kenya Medical Supplies Authority, the court held that legislative limits on compensatory awards reflect a balance between employers, employees and national socio-economic interests which the court should not extend. Additionally, sections 35 and 49 of the Employment Act provide for termination notice and remedies, and the Claimants had not proved unfair termination in any event.
Legal principles established
#- Where an employee is terminated and not dismissed, they are entitled to all monies withheld during the disciplinary process
- Reinstatement as a remedy for unfair termination is only available within three years of termination and only where unfair termination is proved
- A claimant must prove less favourable treatment compared with other employees to establish discrimination
Court orders
#- 1.Payment to the 1st Claimant of withheld salary of Kshs.755,955
- 2.Payment to the 2nd Claimant of withheld salary of Shs.826,695
- 3.Each party to bear its own costs
- Jurisdiction invoked
- Employment and Labour Relations Court jurisdiction over claims of unfair termination of employment
Key timeline
#Practical implications
#Frequently asked questions
#Cite this brief
#Cite this brief
Caselaw, "Grace Achieng Okanga & another v South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited [2016] KEELRC 856 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2016). Cause No. 122 of 2013 (Consolidated with Cause No. 121 of 2013). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelrc/2016/856/eng@2016-06-16
Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.