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ELCPartially AllowedKisumu ELC (related to Kisumu ELC LC NO. 30 OF 2024)· [2024] KEELC 3793 (KLR)

B.O.M Kisian Primary School & 10 others v Kenya Railways Corporation (Suing for Themselves and on Behalf of the Entire Korando Community that are Affected by the Unlawful Act of the Defendants in terms of Encroachment on Private Lands and Blocking of Mason-Ogendo, Kisian-AIC Church Road, Orongo-Orao Kisian River Road, Alai Road and Asindi Road); Kenya Rural Roads Authority & another (Interested Parties) (Environment & Land Case E031 of 2023) [2024] KEELC 3793 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
9 May 2024
2,242 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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What this practically means

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Executive summary

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This ruling of the Environment and Land Court at Kisumu (E. Asati, J) determines two interlocutory matters: the Plaintiffs' Notice of Motion dated 22nd December 2023 seeking a temporary injunction, and the Defendant's (Kenya Railways Corporation's) Preliminary Objection dated 31st January 2024. The objection, founded on sections 87 and 83(1) of the Kenya Railways Corporation Act and the exhaustion doctrine, contended that the suit was a non-starter for want of one month's written notice to the Corporation's Managing Director. The court held that where the Defendant had already begun fencing the plaintiffs' privately registered land and long-used public roads, insisting on 30 days' notice would impede access to justice under Article 48 of the Constitution, and relying on Catherine Njeri Majana it dismissed the objection. On the application, brought after the Defendant on 14th December 2023 extended beacons and fenced off land and roads serving the Kisumu Korando community, the court applied Giella v Cassman Brown. It found it undisputed that the plaintiffs hold title to the fenced land and that the fencing blocks roads long in use, while the parties advance competing claims of ownership supported by rival surveyors' reports. Holding it necessary to preserve the status quo ante pending trial, the court allowed the application in terms of prayers 5, 6 and 7, granting a temporary injunction restraining the Defendant from blocking or fencing off the named public roads and the plaintiffs' parcels, and awarded costs to the applicants. The suit proceeds to full hearing.

Key legal issues

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01

Effect of non-compliance with section 87 notice requirement of the Kenya Railways Corporation Act

Holding

Non-compliance did not render the suit a non-starter; the sudden fencing left no time to serve notice and Article 48 access to justice prevails

Reasoning

The court noted the Defendant had already begun fencing the plaintiffs' land and public roads before any notice could issue. Requiring 30 days' notice in such circumstances would be an impediment to access to justice guaranteed by Article 48. Relying on Joseph Nyaramba and Catherine Njeri Majana, the court held the omission not fatal and dismissed the Preliminary Objection.

p. 4
02

Whether a temporary injunction should issue

Holding

Granted in terms of prayers 5, 6 and 7; each side claims title and the fencing was underway, so the status quo ante must be preserved

Reasoning

Applying Giella v Cassman Brown, the court found it not denied that the plaintiffs hold title to the land being fenced and that the fencing blocks long-used roads of access. The defendant did not deny the acts but justified them. With competing surveyors' reports and disputed root of the defendant's lease, preservation of the status quo ante pending trial was the just course.

p. 5
03

Exhaustion doctrine and section 83(1) of the Kenya Railways Corporation Act

Holding

Preliminary Objection founded on these grounds failed

Reasoning

The Defendant argued that section 5 of the Act mandates agreement of damages and appointment of a single arbitrator by the Chief Justice, invoking the exhaustion doctrine, and that section 83(1) bars suits for damages arising from execution of its statutory mandate. The applicants countered that the subject matter is private land. The court dismissed the objection without singling out these grounds, finding it wholly without merit.

p. 4

Legal principles established

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  • Failure by a plaintiff to issue the 30 days' notice under section 87 of the Kenya Railways Corporation Act is not necessarily fatal to a suit where access to justice under Article 48 is engaged
  • Where parties dispute ownership and the defendant's acts alter the position on the ground, the court should preserve the status quo ante pending trial

Court orders

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  1. 1.Preliminary Objection dated 31st January 2024 dismissed
  2. 2.Application allowed in terms of prayers 5, 6 and 7 thereof (temporary injunction restraining the Defendant from blocking and/or fencing off the named public roads and the Plaintiffs' parcels)

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Civil Procedure ActSections 1A, 1B, 3, 3A, 63(e), 80, 99
  • Civil Procedure Rules 2010Order 40 Rules 1, 2, 4; Order 51
  • Kenya Railways Act, Chapter 397Sections 5, 13, 15, 16, 17, 83(1), 87
  • Constitution of Kenya 2010Articles 40, 43, 47, 48, 53(1)(b)
  • Public Road and Road Access ActSections 2 and 14
  • Survey Act Cap 299Section 24; Rules 31, 34 and 91(2) of the Survey Regulations 1994
  • Land Acquisition Act (repealed)Sections 3, 4, 6, 8 and 9
  • Land Registration ActSection 26
  • Kenya Roads Act

Cases cited (9)

  • Mukisa Biscuits Manufacturing Company Ltd v West End Distributors
    (1969) EA 696
  • Joseph Nyaramba & 4 Others v Kenya Railways Corporation
    (2015) eKLR
  • Anthony Ngure v Kenya Railways Corporation
    (2022) eKLR
  • Anthony Ngure Murugu v Kenya Railways Corporation
  • Dry Associates v Capital Markets Authority & Another
    Petition 328 of 2011 (unreported)
  • Catherine Njeri Majana v Kenya Railways Corporation & Another
    [2021] eKLR
  • Dina Management Ltd v County Government of Mombasa & 5 Others
    (Petition 8(E10) of 2021 [2023] KESC 30 KLR (21 April 2023)
  • Andrew Kiptich Langat v Joseph Kipruto Maina
    (2021) eKLR
  • Giella v Cassman Brown Co. Ltd
    (1973) 358
Jurisdiction invoked
Sections 1A, 1B, 3, 3A, 63(e), 80 and 99 of the Civil Procedure Act; Order 40 Rules 1, 2 and 4 and Order 51 of the Civil Procedure Rules, 2010

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "B.O.M Kisian Primary School & 10 others v Kenya Railways Corporation (Suing for Themselves and on Behalf of the Entire Korando Community that are Affected by the Unlawful Act of the Defendants in terms of Encroachment on Private Lands and Blocking of Mason-Ogendo, Kisian-AIC Church Road, Orongo-Orao Kisian River Road, Alai Road and Asindi Road); Kenya Rural Roads Authority & another (Interested Parties) (Environment & Land Case E031 of 2023) [2024] KEELC 3793 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2024). Kisumu ELC (related to Kisumu ELC LC NO. 30 OF 2024). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2024/3793/eng@2024-05-09

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.