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ELCPartially AllowedNot stated in the judgment as extracted· [2022] KEELC 1899 (KLR)

Gitere Kahura Investment Ltd & another v Kenya Planters Cooporative Uniion Ltd & another [2022] KEELC 1899 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
27 January 2022
3,684 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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Kenya's Environment and Land Court allowed a landowner to continue a foreclosure lawsuit against a company in liquidation, holding that repealed laws cannot be used to block such cases.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The Plaintiffs, registered owners of L.R Nos. 48721/1 and 4872/2 near Ruiru Town, sued challenging foreclosure notices issued in August 2016 by the 2nd Defendant at the instance of the 1st Defendant (Kenya Planters Co-operative Union), seeking to sell the suit properties to recover a claimed debt of KES 212,527,533.99 which the Plaintiffs denied. During the suit the 1st Defendant was placed under liquidation, prompting a Notice of Motion dated 28 January 2021 seeking leave to amend the 1st Defendant's name to include '(in Liquidation)' and leave under Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act, 2015 to continue the claim. The Defendants filed a preliminary objection arguing the proceedings breached the repealed Section 228 of the Companies Act (Cap 486), Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act and Sections 52-60 of the Co-operative Societies Act, and relied on Court of Appeal orders in Civil Application No. 76 of 2020 maintaining the status quo on the liquidation. The court dismissed the preliminary objection, holding that a repealed statute cannot be invoked, that a discretionary matter cannot be determined by way of preliminary objection (Mukisa Biscuits), and that the Court of Appeal proceedings were on a different issue. It allowed the motion, granting leave to continue the suit filed before the liquidation in the interest of justice, dismissed the objection with costs, but ordered each party to bear their own costs of the application.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether Section 228 of the repealed Companies Act (Cap 486) can ground a preliminary objection

Holding

It cannot; the repealed provision is a nullity as a basis for the objection

Reasoning

The court noted that Cap 486 was repealed in its entirety and replaced by the Companies Act, 2015. Relying on the observation in the IEBC v David Ndii case that a deleted provision becomes invalid, the court held that a repealed law cannot be invoked, and any corresponding provision should have been identified and authenticated by the Defendants. The objection founded on the repealed section was therefore misconceived and a nullity ab initio.

p. 3
02

Whether Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act and Sections 52-60 of the Co-operative Societies Act can anchor a preliminary objection

Holding

No; the provision permitting leave under Section 432 cannot simultaneously ground an objection, and a discretionary matter cannot be decided via preliminary objection

Reasoning

Section 432(2) itself allows proceedings against a company in liquidation to be begun or continued with the court's approval, so it cannot be used to defeat the very application for leave it contemplates. Sections 52-60 of the Co-operative Societies Act were held irrelevant. Following Mukisa Biscuits, a preliminary objection cannot lie where judicial discretion is sought; a stay of proceedings likewise requires a proper application under Section 6 of the Civil Procedure Act.

p. 4
03

Whether the Court of Appeal orders in Civil Application No. 76 of 2020 bind these proceedings

Holding

They do not; the proceedings are different in subject matter and not an abuse of process

Reasoning

The Court of Appeal proceedings concerned the legality of the decision to place the 1st Defendant in liquidation, whereas this suit concerns leave to continue pre-liquidation foreclosure proceedings. The Court of Appeal's directions confirmed the 1st Defendant remains in liquidation, a status the Applicants acknowledge and which underpins their application. The matters share a party only and the application is not an abuse of due process.

p. 5
04

Whether leave should be granted under Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act, 2015

Holding

Yes; leave was granted in the interest of justice

Reasoning

The suit was filed in 2016, long before the liquidation, and the foreclosure notices issued in August 2016 seeking to realize the suit properties for a debt of over KES 212 million remain alive and executable. Unless the suit proceeds, the Plaintiffs would suffer continuing prejudice and anxiety. Invoking Article 159(2)(b) and the Plaintiffs' rights under Articles 10, 19, 27, 47, 48 and 50(1), and following the Peter Harris Kimathi Kinyua decision, the court found the Applicants deserving of leave.

p. 5

Legal principles established

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  • A repealed statute or section cannot be invoked; its repeal obliterates it from the statute book
  • A preliminary objection cannot be raised where the exercise of judicial discretion is sought
  • Leave to proceed against a company in liquidation under Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act is discretionary and may be granted in the interest of justice where the suit predates the liquidation

Court orders

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  1. 1.The Notice of Preliminary Objection dated 29th March 2021 dismissed with costs
  2. 2.The Notice of Motion Application dated 28th January 2021 allowed (leave granted to amend the 1st Defendant's name and to proceed with the claim against the 1st Defendant in liquidation under Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act, 2015)
  3. 3.Each party to bear own costs of the Application

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Insolvency ActSection 432(2)
  • Companies Act, Chapter 486 Laws of Kenya (repealed)Section 228
  • Co-operative Societies ActSections 52 to 60
  • Civil Procedure ActSection 6
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 159(2)(b)
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Articles 10, 19, 27, 47, 48 and 50(1)

Cases cited (3)

  • Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission & 4 others v David Ndii & 82 others; Kenya Human Rights Commission & 4 others (Amicus Curiae)
    [2021] eKLR
  • Mukisa Biscuits Manufacturing Co. Ltd -v- West End Distributors Limited
    (1969) EA 696
  • Peter Harris Kimathi Kinyua & Another (being legal representatives of Henry Kinyua deceased v Kenya Planters Co-operative Union Ltd (in liquidation)
    (2021) eKLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Original jurisdiction; leave sought under Section 432(2) of the Insolvency Act, 2015; Article 159(2)(b) of the Constitution invoked

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Gitere Kahura Investment Ltd & another v Kenya Planters Cooporative Uniion Ltd & another [2022] KEELC 1899 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2022). Not stated in the judgment as extracted. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2022/1899/eng@2022-01-27

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.