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ELCPartially AllowedBungoma ELC Case No 100 of 2017 (consolidated with Bungoma ELC Case No 101 of 2017)· [2021] KEELC 2705 (KLR)

Ashon Sikolia Wanyonyi & 2 others v Alpesh M. Patel & 2 others [2021] KEELC 2705 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
30 June 2021
3,836 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
·~15 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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Kenya's Bungoma Land Court ruled that a buyer of land must verify the seller actually owns it, evicting him and awarding costs against him.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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By a consent order of 11th July 2019, this suit (Bungoma ELC Case No 100 of 2017) was consolidated with Bungoma ELC Case No 101 of 2017, with the plaintiffs' plaint standing as the plaint and the defendant's plaint in the 2017 case standing as defence and Counter-Claim. The plaintiffs, registered proprietors of parcel NDIVISI/MUCHI/6920 (a sub-division of NDIVISI/MUCHI/1401), sued Alpesh M. Patel for eviction, alleging that the plot he claimed as UNSW-30 was non-existent and that any lease or allotment letter over it was fraudulent, phony, irregular and unlawful. The defendant counter-claimed, contending that he was not a party to Bungoma ELC Case No 59 of 2014 (in which eviction orders had issued), that his occupation of UNSW-30 was lawful, and that the plaintiffs had illegally demolished his perimeter wall while executing that decree. The court found, first, that the orders in the 2014 case could not of themselves support eviction since the defendant was not a party, but that the plaintiffs had filed this independent suit founded on their registered title. It then found, on the uncontroverted evidence, that plot UNSW-30 was in fact the plaintiffs' suit property: no lease, allotment letter, sale agreement or transfer documents were produced; the rate receipts were in the name of John Mweyi Ngome; and the consent in Ngome v Patel was a ploy to transfer to the defendant land already held under the plaintiffs' title of 25th July 2008. Fraud was proved to the R.G. Patel v Lalji Makanji standard. The defendant was held a trespasser; his Counter-Claim was dismissed. Judgment was entered for the plaintiffs: the defendant to vacate within three months, failing which he was to be evicted, and to pay the costs of the suit and the dismissed Counter-Claim.

Key legal issues

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01

Identity of the defendant's claimed plot UNSW-30 with the plaintiffs' registered parcel NDIVISI/MUCHI/6920

Holding

The un-surveyed plot UNSW-30 is in fact the suit property registered in the plaintiffs' names since 2008; the defendant's occupation amounts to trespass

Reasoning

The suit property was a resultant sub-division of NDIVISI/MUCHI/1401. The property John Ngome purported to transfer to the defendant under the consent in ELC No 9 of 2016 could only have been part of the original parcel 1401, specifically the suit property. The defendant admitted the plot adjoins the Cereals Board. No transfer documents were produced despite the consent of 16th November 2016, and no title could be registered over land already held under the plaintiffs' title of 25th July 2008.

p. 5
02

Whether the plaintiffs' claim failed because the defendant was not a party to Bungoma ELC Case No 59 of 2014

Holding

No: the plaintiffs conceded the defendant was not a party to that suit and instead filed this fresh suit seeking his eviction as a trespasser

Reasoning

The court accepted that orders in the 2014 judgment could not be used against the defendant since he was neither party nor agent therein, which is why interim orders had restrained the plaintiffs. However, the plaintiffs' present suit was an independent claim founded on their registered title, not on the earlier decree, so the objection did not defeat the claim.

p. 4
03

Whether fraud was proved in respect of the defendant's alleged lease or allotment over UNSW-30

Holding

Yes; the pleaded particulars of fraud were held well founded and proved to the R.G. Patel v Lalji Makanji standard

Reasoning

No lease, allotment letter or sale agreement was produced; the demand notes and rate receipts were in the name of John Mweyi Ngome; and the consent in ELC No 9 of 2016 was a ploy by which Ngome purported to transfer to the defendant property belonging to the plaintiffs, being land already held under the plaintiffs' freehold title.

p. 5
04

The defendant's Counter-Claim based on demolition of his perimeter wall during execution of the decree in ELC No 59 of 2014

Holding

Dismissed; the defendant, being a trespasser on the suit property, was entitled to no remedy

Reasoning

While acknowledging the defendant could not be evicted under the 2014 decree since he was not a party to that suit, and that an order had earlier restrained the plaintiffs, the court held the ownership question was conclusively settled: the land occupied by the defendant was the plaintiffs' registered parcel. A trespasser cannot claim injunctive or declaratory relief against the true proprietors.

Legal principles established

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  • A registered proprietor is entitled to all rights and privileges appurtenant to the land, including the right to eject trespassers (Sections 27 repealed Registered Land Act and Section 24 Land Registration Act)
  • Fraud in allegations concerning title must be proved to the standard set out in R.G. Patel v Lalji Makanji, which the court found was met on the pleaded particulars
  • A court of concurrent jurisdiction cannot sit in appeal over another court's decision, and a consent order is a decision of the parties themselves, not of the judge before whom it is recorded

Court orders

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  1. 1.The defendant's Counter-Claim is dismissed
  2. 2.The defendant shall vacate the land parcel NO NDIVISI/MUCHI/6920 within three (3) months from the date of the Judgment
  3. 3.In default of vacating, the defendant shall be evicted from the land parcel NO NDIVISI/MUCHI/6920
  4. 4.The defendant shall meet the costs of the plaintiffs' suit and the dismissed Counter-Claim

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Registered Land Act (repealed)Section 27
  • Land Registration ActSection 24

Cases cited (7)

  • BUNGOMA ELC CASE No 59 of 2014 ASHON SIKOLIA WANYONYI & LUKA MAKOKHA WANYONYI v ALFRED WAFULA KHAEMBA, WILBERFORCE MUTENGE & KANUDHA MENUBHA VAGHELA
  • CIVIL APPEAL No 110 of 2011 JAMES NDIRANGU NGANGA v KANUBHA MENUBHA VANGELA
  • R. G. PATEL v LALJI MAKANJI
    1957 E.A 314
  • BUNGOMA H.C.C.C No 100 of 1998 – LUKA MAKOKHA WANYONYI & ASHON SIKOLIA v BUNGOMA COUNTY COUNCIL, WEBUYE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL, NATIONAL CEREALS & PRODUCE BOARD & MINISTRY OF RESEARCH & TECHNICAL TRAINING
  • BUNGOMA ELC CASE No 9 of 2016 JOHN MWEYI NGOME v ALPESH M. PATEL
  • BUNGOMA H.C.C.C No 9 of 2016 HOHN MWEYI NGOME v ALPESH M. PATEL
  • BUNGOMA H.C.C No 100 of 1998 (NATIONAL CEREALS AND PRODUCE BOARD proceedings)
Jurisdiction invoked
Original jurisdiction of the Environment and Land Court under the Environment and Land Court Act (suit on title to and occupation of land)

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Ashon Sikolia Wanyonyi & 2 others v Alpesh M. Patel & 2 others [2021] KEELC 2705 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2021). Bungoma ELC Case No 100 of 2017 (consolidated with Bungoma ELC Case No 101 of 2017). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2021/2705/eng@2021-06-30

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.