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ELCPartially AllowedNot stated in judgment (suit at Makueni)· [2020] KEELC 2749 (KLR)

Benjamin Mwanzia Wambua (Suing as the Legal Representative of Mukui Wambua Maingi) v Stephen Kimeu Kimanga [2020] KEELC 2749 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
29 April 2020
4,627 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
AI-assisted case brief
·~19 min to read original · ~4 min brief

The bottom line

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The Environment and Land Court in Makueni reopened a default land judgment, allowing the defendant to finally argue jurisdiction, capacity and res judicata at a full hearing.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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This is a ruling on the Defendant's Notice of Motion seeking review and setting aside of a default judgment and decree of 4th July 2018, brought under sections 1A, 1B, 3, 3A, 63(c) & (e) and 80 of the Civil Procedure Act and Order 45 of the Civil Procedure Rules. The Applicant, whose earlier application of 12th October 2018 to set aside the default judgment had been dismissed by a ruling of 17th July 2019, argued the suit, judgment and decree were a nullity: the suit was res judicata by virtue of the 1975 judgment in Uaani DMCC No.L47 of 1974 and the Minister's final decision in the adjudication appeal (No.1778 of 1986, corrected from No.65 of 1987); the court lacked jurisdiction under sections 29 and 30 of the Land Adjudication Act; the Plaintiff lacked capacity to sue as his grant ad litem of 25th October 2012 was limited to the Minister's appeal; and there had been fraudulent non-disclosure of material facts. The Respondent opposed, arguing the application was res judicata of the earlier dismissed application, incompetent under Order 9 Rule 9 because the incoming advocates came on record without leave, and that the review threshold was not met. The court held that Order 9 Rule 9 did not apply since no advocate was on record when judgment was entered; that the Plaintiff should have obtained the necessary letters of administration ad litem for this suit; and that the application raised sufficient grounds to warrant review, giving the Applicant a chance to file his defence and counterclaim so that the issues of capacity, jurisdiction and res judicata could be determined with finality. The application was allowed in terms of prayers 2(c), 3 and 4, with costs. Delivered at Makueni by Mbogo C.G., J on 29th April 2020.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether the coming on record of Mwania Mbithi & Company Advocates without leave or consent was fatal under Order 9 Rule 9

Holding

Not fatal - Order 9 Rule 9 applies only where there was an advocate on record at the time judgment was entered; here there was none, so leave or consent was unnecessary.

Reasoning

The Respondent argued the incoming firm filed a notice of appointment after judgment without leave or consent, rendering all its pleadings inconsequential, relying on Stephen Mwangi Kimote vs Mutata Sacco Society. The court distinguished that authority, holding that since no advocate was on record when the default judgment was entered, neither Mwangangi & Associates nor Mwania Mbithi & Co. Advocates needed leave to come on record. The procedural objection therefore failed.

p. 5
02

Whether the application is res judicata given the prior application dated 12th October 2018 dismissed on 17th July 2019

Holding

The court did not uphold the res judicata objection; it found sufficient grounds warranting review.

Reasoning

The Respondent submitted the prayers were identical to those in the application determined on 17th July 2019, relying on Abdullahi Mohamed Sheikh vs Gulf African Bank on section 7 of the Civil Procedure Act. The Applicant countered that the present application was brought on entirely different grounds (capacity, jurisdiction, res judicata) not raised in the earlier application, which had been decided principally on the issue of service. The court did not uphold the plea and allowed the application.

p. 5
03

Whether the Plaintiff had capacity to sue under a grant ad litem limited to the Minister's appeal

Holding

Capacity was doubtful; the court held it was upon the Plaintiff to obtain the necessary letters of administration ad litem for this suit.

Reasoning

The Applicant argued the grant issued on 25th October 2012 was expressly limited to the Minister's Land Appeal Case No.1778 of 1986 and lapsed on determination of that appeal, relying on Trouistik Union International vs Jane Mbeyu. The Respondent contended the appeal was never determined with finality but referred to court, so the grant subsisted. The court held that regardless of whether the appeal was finally determined, the Plaintiff should have obtained the necessary letters of administration ad litem for this suit.

p. 5
04

Whether the judgment and decree should be reviewed and set aside

Holding

Yes - the application raised sufficient grounds, and the Defendant was to be given a chance to file his defence and counterclaim so the issues could be determined with finality.

Reasoning

The Applicant contended the suit, proceedings, judgment and decree were a nullity for want of jurisdiction, res judicata by virtue of the 1975 Uaani DMCC judgment and the Minister's decision, and tainted by non-disclosure; the suit had proceeded ex parte without his input so these matters could not be raised earlier. The court agreed sufficient grounds for review were raised and allowed the application in terms of prayers 2(c), 3 and 4, permitting the defence and counterclaim to be filed.

p. 5

Legal principles established

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  • Order 9 Rule 9 requiring leave to come on record after judgment does not apply where there was no advocate on record when the judgment was entered
  • A plaintiff who sues under a limited grant ad litem restricted to specific proceedings must obtain the necessary letters of administration ad litem for the suit in question

Court orders

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  1. 1.Application allowed in terms of prayers 2(c), 3 and 4
  2. 2.The defence and counterclaim annexed to the application deemed duly filed and served, with leave to file and serve list of witnesses, witness statements, list of documents and other documents within such time as may be ordered
  3. 3.Costs of the application provided for (costs of the application to the Applicant)

Authorities

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Legislation

  • The Civil Procedure ActSections 1A, 1B, 3, 3A, 63(c) & (e), 80 and Section 7
  • The Civil Procedure Rules, 2010Order 10 Rule 11, Order 21 Rule 22, Order 45 Rules 1, 2, 3 and 5, Order 51 Rules 1, 3 & 10, Order 53, Order 9 Rules 9 and 10
  • The Land Adjudication ActSections 27, 28, 29 and 30
  • The Land Registration ActSections 24, 25 & 26
  • The Judicature ActSection 3(a)

Cases cited (4)

  • Trouistik Union International & Another vs. Mrs. Jane Mbeyu
    Civil Appeal No. 145 of 1990
  • Stephen Mwangi Kimote vs. Mutata Sacco Society
    [2018] eKLR
  • Abdullahi Mohamed Sheikh vs. Gulf African Bank Ltd
    [2018] eKLR
  • Bernard Mugo Ndegwa vs James Nderitu Githae and 2 others
    [2010] eKLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Sections 1A, 1B, 3, 3A, 63(c) & (e) and 80 of the Civil Procedure Act Cap 21 and Order 45 of the Civil Procedure Rules, 2010 (application for review of judgment and decree)

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Benjamin Mwanzia Wambua (Suing as the Legal Representative of Mukui Wambua Maingi) v Stephen Kimeu Kimanga [2020] KEELC 2749 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2020). Not stated in judgment (suit at Makueni). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2020/2749/eng@2020-04-29

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.