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ELCOtherNot stated in the judgment· [2020] KEELC 1731 (KLR)

Geyser International Assets v Ag & 3 others [2020] KEELC 1731 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
7 July 2020
930 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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Kenya's Environment and Land Court confirmed it can hear cases challenging government land seizure for projects like the SGR railway.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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This ruling of the Environment and Land Court at Mombasa (C.K. Yano, J) determines a preliminary objection dated 21/10/2015 and a supplementary preliminary objection dated 20/2/2019 raised by the 2nd to 4th Respondents in a petition concerning the compulsory acquisition of the Petitioner's land for the construction of the Standard Gauge Railway. The Respondents argued that the petition raised no bona fide constitutional issues, being at its core an ordinary debt-collection or contract-enforcement dispute, and that Parliament had provided a sufficient statutory dispute-resolution framework under Part VIII of the Land Act which could not be sidelined. The Petitioner countered that the petition challenged the demolition of its boundary wall, entry onto the suit property and construction of the railway without full, prompt and just compensation, contrary to Articles 40, 47, 22 and 23 of the Constitution, and met the Anarita Karimi Njeru threshold. Applying the Owners of Motor Vessel 'Lilian S' jurisdiction test, the court held that under Article 162(2)(b) of the Constitution and Section 13 of the Environment and Land Court Act it has jurisdiction over all disputes relating to land, expressly including compulsory acquisition of land, with power to award damages and compensation. It further held that the Land Act defines 'court' as the Environment and Land Court and does not oust the court's inherent jurisdiction. The preliminary objections were dismissed with costs.

Key legal issues

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01

Whether the Environment and Land Court has jurisdiction over a petition challenging compulsory acquisition of land and compensation under the Land Act

Holding

The court has jurisdiction; Section 13 of the Environment and Land Court Act expressly confers power to hear disputes relating to compulsory acquisition of land and to award damages and compensation, and the Land Act does not oust that jurisdiction.

Reasoning

The court traced its jurisdiction to Article 162(2)(b) of the Constitution and Section 13 of the Environment and Land Court Act, which grants original and appellate jurisdiction over all disputes relating to environment and land, expressly including disputes relating to compulsory acquisition of land. The court also noted Section 13 empowers it to grant any relief including damages and compensation. Since the Land Act defines 'court' as the Environment and Land Court, the statutory framework does not displace the court's jurisdiction.

p. 2
02

Whether the petition, described by the Respondents as an ordinary debt-collection or contract-enforcement dispute, raises bona fide constitutional issues

Holding

The Petition concerns compulsory acquisition of the Petitioner's land and compensation, engaging constitutional provisions, and is not a mere debt-collection dispute.

Reasoning

The Respondents argued the matter was an ordinary contractual/debt dispute that did not merit constitutional jurisdiction and that statutory dispute-resolution mechanisms under the Land Act had to be exhausted. The court held that the Petition concerns compulsory acquisition of the Petitioner's land by the Government for the construction of the Standard Gauge Railway, a matter expressly within the court's jurisdiction under Section 13 of the Environment and Land Court Act, and therefore dismissed the preliminary objections.

p. 1

Legal principles established

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  • The Environment and Land Court has jurisdiction over disputes relating to compulsory acquisition of land, and the Land Act does not oust the court's inherent jurisdiction.

Court orders

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  1. 1.The Preliminary Objections dated 21/10/2015 and 20/2/2019 raised by the 2nd – 4th Respondents are dismissed
  2. 2.Costs of the Preliminary Objections awarded to the Petitioner

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Article 162(2)(b)
  • Constitution of Kenya, 2010Articles 40, 47, 22 and 23
  • Environment and Land Court Act No. 19 of 2011Section 13(1), (2) and (7)
  • Land Act No. 6 of 2012Part VIII

Cases cited (11)

  • Speaker of the National Assembly –v- James Njenga Karume
    (1992) KLR 425
  • Henry Wainana Wakihoro & Another –v- National Land Commission & 2 Others
    (2018) eKLR
  • East Africa Gas Company Limited and Another –v- National Land Commission & 3 Others
    (2015) eKLR
  • Fredrick Mworia –v- District Land Adjudication Officer Tigania West/East & 3 Others
    Meru Petition No. 129 of 2011
  • Mutava & 2 Others –v- Managing Director of Kenya Ports Authority
    (2016) eKLR
  • CNM – WMG
    (2018) eKLR
  • Anarita Karimi Njeru –v- Republic
    (1979) eKLR
  • Christopher Ngusu Mulwa and 28 Others –v- County Government of Kitui & 2 Others
    (2017) eKLR
  • Charles Cosmas Mdari –v- Attorney General & 2 Others
    (2019) eKLR
  • Crispus Maina Gaitho –v- Attorney General & 3 Others
    (2017) eKLR
  • Owners of Motor Vessel “Lilian S” –v- Caltex Oil Kenya Limited
    (1989) 1 KLR
Jurisdiction invoked
Article 162(2)(b) of the Constitution and Section 13 of the Environment and Land Court Act

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Geyser International Assets v Ag & 3 others [2020] KEELC 1731 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2020). Not stated in the judgment. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2020/1731/eng@2020-07-07

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.