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ELCAllowedLand Case No. 122 of 2012· [2015] KEELC 472 (KLR)

Jennifer Chebet Sang v Jane Jeptoo Sawe [2015] KEELC 472 (KLR)

Environment and Land Court
5 May 2015
2,304 words in judgment
View original judgmentRead on Kenya Law Watch case
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The bottom line

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The Kitale court ruled that land sale agreements without Land Control Board consent within six months are void, so the buyer's family lost the land.

What this practically means

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Executive summary

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The plaintiff, legal representative of the estate of Sylvester Kimagut Sang, sued Jane Jeptoo Sawe seeking a declaration of sole ownership of LR No. Kaplamai/Kachibora Block 2/Mateket/95, eviction, a permanent injunction, costs and interest. The defendant claimed under three sale agreements between 1983 and 1985 by which her late husband, Gideon Bore, bought 6 acres from the plaintiff's late husband, and alternatively asserted adverse possession and a constructive trust. The court found the sale transactions were agricultural and required land control board consent, which was never obtained, rendering them null and void for all purposes; no legal interest therefore passed. On adverse possession, the court held that even on the most favourable computation the defendant's possession ran only slightly over three years before the plaintiff's 1987 Tribunal claim (adopted as judgment in Kitale SRM Land Case No. 10 of 1987) stopped time running under section 38 of the Limitation of Actions Act, applying Njuguna Ndatho and related Court of Appeal authority. The defendant's constructive trust argument, grounded in Macharia Mwangi Maina and Sammy Likunyi Adiema, was rejected as those cases were factually distinguishable: here the sale was opposed from the outset, the vendor was of unsound mind, possession was not peaceful due to litigation, and the defendant had filed no counterclaim. The court found the plaintiff had proved her case on a balance of probabilities and granted a declaration of sole ownership, eviction, a permanent injunction and costs to the plaintiff.

Key legal issues

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01

Validity of the three sale agreements for want of land control board consent

Holding

The agreements became null and void for want of consent, and the defendant could not claim the 6 acres under them

Reasoning

The suit land was agricultural land requiring land control board consent under the Land Control Act. No consent was applied for or obtained within six months of the agreements dated between 28.4.1983 and 1.4.1985. The transactions therefore became void, and no legal interest passed to the defendant or her late husband.

p. 3
02

Adverse possession

Holding

The defendant had not been in peaceful continuous possession for 12 years; time was stopped in 1987 by the filing of the Tribunal claim

Reasoning

Possession began on the dates of the sale agreements, and even computing time from six months after each agreement, only slightly over 3 years had elapsed before Jennifer Sang filed the Tribunal claim in 1987, which was adopted as judgment in Kitale SRM Land Case No. 10 of 1987. Filing a suit for recovery of land stops time running.

p. 4
03

Constructive trust

Holding

No constructive trust arose; the circumstances differ from Macharia Mwangi Maina and Sammy Likunyi Adiema

Reasoning

Constructive trust acts on the conscience of the legal owner. Here the sale was opposed from the outset by the plaintiff, her husband was of unsound mind, possession was not peaceful due to litigation, and the defendant filed no counterclaim, her belated attempt having been rejected for lateness and lack of letters of administration.

p. 4

Legal principles established

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  • An agricultural land transaction effected without land control board consent becomes null and void after six months
  • The filing of a suit for recovery of land stops time running for purposes of adverse possession under section 38 of the Limitation of Actions Act
  • Constructive trust is a matter of evidence dependent on the peculiar circumstances of each case

Court orders

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  1. 1.A declaration that the late Sylvester Kimagut Sang is the sole registered owner of the land comprised in title no. Kaplamai/Kachibora Block 2/Mateket/95
  2. 2.The defendant to move out of the land voluntarily or be forcefully evicted forthwith
  3. 3.A permanent injunction against the defendant or anyone claiming under her from interfering with the suit land
  4. 4.The defendant to pay the costs of the suit to the plaintiff

Authorities

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Legislation

  • Land Control ActConsent requirement within six months
  • Limitation of Actions ActSection 38

Cases cited (5)

  • Njuguna Ndatho vs Masai Itumo & 2 others
    Nakuru Civil Appeal No.231 of 1999 (2002) eKLR
  • William Gatuhi Muratha vs Gakuru Gathimbi
    Civil Appeal No.49 of 1996 (unreported)
  • Joseph Gahumi Kiritu vs Lawrence Munyambu Kabura
    Civil Appeal No.20 of 1983 (unreported)
  • Macharia Mwangi Maina & 87 others vs Davidson Mwangi Kagiri
    Nyeri Civil Appeal No.6 of 2011 (consolidated with Civil Appeals No.26 and 27 of 2011)
  • Sammy Likunyi Adiema vs Charles Shamwati Shisikani
    Kisumu Civil Appeal No.3 of 2014
Jurisdiction invoked
Original civil jurisdiction of the Environment and Land Court over the suit land LR No. Kaplamai/Kachibora Block 2/Mateket/95

Key timeline

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Practical implications

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Frequently asked questions

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Later judgments citing this (1)

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Judgments in the corpus that rely on this one. Where the Court said how it treated the authority, that is shown.

Cite this brief

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Cite this brief

Caselaw, "Jennifer Chebet Sang v Jane Jeptoo Sawe [2015] KEELC 472 (KLR)", Case Analysis (2015). Land Case No. 122 of 2012. Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keelc/2015/472/eng@2015-05-05

Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.