Kenya Tea Development Agency Ltd v Benson Ondimu Masese T/A B. O. Masese & Co. Advocates
The bottom line
#Kenya's Court of Appeal confirmed a company was liable for defaming a lawyer in a complaint letter, but slashed the payout from Sh10 million to Sh1.5 million.
What this practically means
#Executive summary
#Key legal issues
#Refusal of adjournment and exparte trial
The refusal of the adjournment was a proper exercise of the trial judge's discretion and provided no basis for setting aside the judgment.
Counsel sent to hold brief applied for an adjournment because lead counsel was testifying in Nairobi. The judge refused without giving reasons but must have found the grounds untenable. The Court held the judge was exercising discretionary powers and found no sufficient reason to fault the decision. Nor did the unprosecuted application to set aside the exparte proceedings assist the appellant, since the judgment itself was not the subject of that application.
Liability in defamation
The letter to the Advocates Complaints Commission was defamatory; liability was properly found against the appellant.
The letter imputed that the respondent was unscrupulous, notorious for soliciting business and engaged in fraudulent claims. Publication was admitted in the defence. Claims referred to in the letter had in fact been settled, some by consent, making it easy to impute malice, and the appellant had recklessly published without checking the truth. The allegations were libellous and unjustified and the respondent was entitled to compensation.
Quantum of damages
The award of Kshs 10,000,000 (general and exemplary) was inordinately high and was reduced to a composite Kshs 1,500,000 with no separate exemplary damages.
Applying the principles in Jones v Pollard as approved in Gicheru, the Court considered that the publication was confined to the Advocates Complaints Commission and not to the world at large, only two letters were written about the respondent, who had been in practice for only eight years. Compared with comparable awards, the trial judge's award did not reflect a correct estimate of damages. Interest was to run from the date of the superior court judgment.
Legal principles established
#- On a first appeal the Court of Appeal will not lightly disturb a trial judge's exercise of discretion in refusing an adjournment absent sufficient reason to fault the decision.
- The measure of damages for defamation is a solatium and vindication, assessed by reference to the objective features of the libel, including the gravity and circulation of the publication.
- The Court of Appeal will interfere with an award of damages where it is so high that it does not reflect a correct estimate of the proper damages in the circumstances, including the limited circulation of the defamatory publication.
Court orders
#- 1.Appeal allowed to the extent of setting aside the awards made by the superior court.
- 2.Substituted composite award of Kshs 1,500,000/= general damages to the respondent in place of the Kshs 10,000,000/= (general plus exemplary) award.
- 3.No separate award of exemplary damages.
- 4.Award to bear interest at court rates from the date of the superior court judgment.
- 5.Appellant awarded half (½) costs of the appeal.
- 6.Respondent to have costs of the appeal in the superior court.
- On appeal from
- High Court of Kenya (Superior Court) at Kisumu
- Not stated
- Jurisdiction invoked
- First appeal to the Court of Appeal from the High Court (defamation suit); no specific constitutional or statutory provision cited in the judgment.
Key timeline
#Practical implications
#Frequently asked questions
#Cite this brief
#Cite this brief
Caselaw, "Kenya Tea Development Agency Ltd v Benson Ondimu Masese T/A B. O. Masese & Co. Advocates", Case Analysis (2008). Civil Appeal (Memorandum of Appeal dated 14th April 2006, lodged at Kisumu sub-Registry on 19th April 2006). Source: https://new.kenyalaw.org/akn/ke/judgment/keca/2008/320/eng@2008-07-11
Suggested citation format for research notes or client memos. Always verify the original judgment before relying on any point.